• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a power line element (2), comprising an electrical conductor (8) and an insulation (14) of the electrical conductor (8). The insulation has an optical waveguide unit. Furthermore, the invention relates to a system and a method for insulation monitoring.
    公开号:CH713431A2
    申请号:CH01571/17
    申请日:2017-12-20
    公开日:2018-08-15
    发明作者:Hähre Karsten；Heyne Raoul；Kiefer Michael
    申请人:Porsche Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description: The present invention relates to a power line element comprising an electrical conductor and an insulation of the electrical conductor, and to a system for monitoring insulation, in particular for a power line element.
    Damaged insulation of electrical conductors are in many ways a source of danger. Stresses of the insulation materials, for example due to high electric fields or mechanical stress, can lead to insulation changes or insulation breakage. The bare conductor sections can cause a short circuit due to physical contact. The short-circuit current can cause damage due to overheating in the course of cables and cables, but also in electrical switchgear. Insulation monitoring is therefore important, especially for high-performance power line elements.
    Insulation monitoring is a prerequisite for safe handling of power line elements. This becomes even more important if the power line element is not only designed for handling, but also performs well.
    Charging cables for charging energy storage units of electric or hybrid vehicles, for example, have high voltages. The charging cable is located either at the charging station or directly at the vehicle and connects the charging station to the vehicle during the charging process. The operation is usually carried out by the user of the charging station itself. It is desirable to ensure that the charging cables have an intact isolation in order to exclude a risk to users when operating the charging cable.
    It is an object of the present invention to provide a power line element that provides increased security.
    This object is achieved by a power line element having an electrical conductor and an insulation of the electrical conductor, characterized in that the insulation has an optical waveguide unit.
    Hereby advantageously a power line element is provided that allows detection of defects in the insulation of the electrical conductor. Defects in the insulation alter the propagation characteristics of light within the fiber optic cable unit. In particular, even small imperfections in the insulation, which are invisible to the naked eye, already lead to changes in the light propagation within the optical waveguide unit. This can be advantageously detected even small defects in the insulation. A power line element with faulty insulation can thus be easily detected and withdrawn from circulation. The inventive power line element allows comparatively safe electrical line systems.
    For the purposes of the present invention, the power line element is designed for example as an elastic, rigid or limp power line element.
    For the purposes of the present invention, the electrical conductor is designed as a single electrical conductor or as a conductor bundle of two or more electrical conductors. The electrical conductor may for example comprise a strand or a strand bundle. The electrical conductor may have supply lines and / or signal lines and / or further lines.
    For the purposes of the present invention, the insulation has at least one optical waveguide unit. The insulation may also have two or more optical fiber units.
    In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optical waveguide unit coaxially surrounds the electrical conductor at least along a longitudinal section of the electrical conductor.
    The optical waveguide unit can completely coaxially surround the electrical conductor in its entire length. Hereby, the insulation of the electrical conductor can be monitored over its entire length. Alternatively, the optical waveguide unit can coaxially surround the electrical conductor only along a longitudinal section of the electrical conductor. As a result, a detection of defects in the isolation of the electrical conductor is limited to this area. Hereby, it is advantageously possible, in particular for long line systems with sections of different load and exposure, to limit the monitorable area to the relevant sections of the electrical conductor.
    It is also conceivable that the optical waveguide unit coaxially surrounds the electrical conductor in a plurality of mutually separate sections or the various sections of the electrical conductor are surrounded coaxially by different optical waveguide units.
    The use of different optical fiber units in different sections of the electrical conductor advantageously facilitates the localization of the defect of the insulation.
    In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the insulation of the electrical conductor on a Isolierstoffmantel.
    The Isolierstoffmantel surrounds the electrical conductor preferably coaxially. The Isolierstoffmantel has an insulating material. As insulating each non-conductive material is suitable, for example, from one of the classes of insulation according to DIN EN 60085. Insulating materials are for example technical ceramics, plastics (such as thermoplastics and / or Du roplaste), elastomers, electrical insulating paper, polymers, glass and mica. In this case, the Isolierstoffmantel also have different insulating materials. In a preferred embodiment, the electrical conductor has a plastic jacket.
    In this case, the optical waveguide unit and Isolierstoffmantel can be arranged so that the optical waveguide unit and the Isolierstoffmantel coaxially arranged layers form around the electrical conductor. The optical waveguide unit is arranged in a preferred embodiment between the electrical conductor and Isolierstoffmantel.
    In an alternative embodiment, the optical waveguide unit is embedded in the insulating jacket, i. the Isolierstoffmantel surrounds the fiber optic cable unit. This can be detected injuries of the insulation, which have a violation of an outer layer of the Isolierstoffmantels and a violation of the fiber optic cable unit. The violation of the insulation can hereby be advantageously detected if an inner layer of the insulating jacket is still intact.
    In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optical waveguide unit has at least one optical waveguide.
    An optical waveguide in the context of the present invention has cables and lines for the transmission of light. The optical waveguide preferably has an optical waveguide or an optical waveguide bundle. In addition, the optical fiber can be partially assembled with connectors.
    The optical waveguide unit preferably has an optical waveguide. In an alternative embodiment, the optical waveguide unit has two or more optical waveguides.
    In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the at least one optical waveguide has a reflective end.
    Light coupled into a first end of the optical waveguide is reflected at the second, reflective end and returned to the first end. By way of example, the at least one optical waveguide can have an inscribed interference filter, for example a fiber Bragg grating, at one end. The interference filter reflects light having a wavelength within a predetermined filter bandwidth.
    In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electrical conductor has at least along a longitudinal section of the electrical conductor to a first winding with the at least one optical waveguide.
    The winding provides the insulation with an optical waveguide grating. The density of the winding determines the minimum size of the detectable defects. Defects with a smaller diameter are not detectable by the winding.
    In a preferred embodiment, the winding on a helix. The optical waveguide is wound along the longitudinal axis of the electrical conductor in a helix around the electrical conductor. The winding is preferably dense, i. adjacent sections of the optical fiber touch each other.
    In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electrical conductor at least along a longitudinal section of the electrical conductor on a second, with the first winding crossed winding with an optical waveguide.
    The electrical conductor has a winding with an optical waveguide network, wherein the network has a first winding and a second, with the first crossed winding. This advantageously creates a narrow grid for detecting defects in the insulation of the electrical conductor.
    In a preferred embodiment, the electrical conductor has a winding consisting of a first winding in the form of a helix and, with the winding down, reversing. The rewinding can be done with the same optical waveguide as the winding. The optical waveguide preferably has a loop between the forward and backward windings.
    In an alternative embodiment, the winding comprises a first optical waveguide and the return winding has a second optical waveguide, wherein both optical waveguides each have a reflective end, so that both evaluation units can be arranged on the same section of the electrical conductor.
    In an alternative, preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optical waveguide unit has at least one optically conductive film.
    The optically conductive film is preferably flexible and mechanically robust. The optically conductive film preferably has a film, for example a plastic film or polymer film, onto which optically conductive structures are applied. Alternatively, the optically conductive structures can be introduced into the film. The optically conductive film may have a coating.
    In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the at least one optically conductive film has a plurality of optical waveguides.
    The optical waveguides are applied in a geometry on the optically conductive film. The optical waveguides of the optical film preferably form a narrow grid for detecting defects in the insulation of the electrical conductor.
    By means of the optically conductive film, it is possible to easily and quickly provide the electrical conductor with a grid for the detection of defects in the insulation.
    In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the at least one optically conductive film is connected to at least one optical waveguide. Preferably, the optical waveguide at at least one end of the optically conductive film bundles the light emerging from the optically conductive film. Hereby, it is advantageously possible to return the light emerging at the end of the film to the point of entry of the light. The entry point is the section of the electrical conductor at which the light is coupled into the optical film. But it is also a guide the leaking light to any other place conceivable, for example, to an evaluation.
    It is conceivable that the optically conductive film has a further optical waveguide at one end opposite the at least one end. Preferably, the further optical waveguide leads the light entering the optically conductive film.
    The optical waveguide connected to the optically conductive film can also connect a plurality of optically conductive foils to one another. The electrical conductor may have, for example, in sections of increased stress, optically conductive films for detecting any violation of the insulation, wherein the individual optically conductive films are connected to one another by means of optical waveguides. In this case, the optically conductive film furthest from the point of introduction of the light preferably has an optical waveguide for returning the emerging light.
    In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optical waveguides of the at least one optically conductive film are arranged parallel to one another.
    Preferably, the optical waveguides of the optically conductive film form a coaxially arranged to the cylinder axis of the electrical conductor grid. The distance between the individual optical waveguides is preferably at most as large as the maximum diameter of a sealable by elastic deformation of the insulation injury.
    Preferably, the optically conductive film has an optical waveguide, which bundles the light emerging from the other optical waveguides of the optically conductive film at one end of the film and returns to the other end of the film. The ends of the optically conductive film are the perpendicular to the parallel optical waveguides side edges of the film.
    In an alternative, preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optical waveguides of the at least one optically conductive film are arranged in a grid, characterized in that light can be reflected within the at least one optically conductive film.
    As a result, it is advantageously possible to dispense with an optical waveguide for returning the emerging light, for example to the entry point of the light. The light enters the film, is reflected and exits at the entrance end of the film. Alternatively, it is also possible to couple light from a further light source into the film.
    In a further, preferred embodiment of the present invention, the at least one optically conductive film has at least one evaluation unit and / or at least one measuring unit and / or at least one light source.
    For the purposes of the present invention, the evaluation unit is suitable for evaluating at least one property of the light emerging from the optically conductive film before, after or during the exit from the film. In this case, the evaluation unit can compare the at least one property with a reference variable. For example, the evaluation unit can check whether the at least one property exceeds a desired value. Alternatively or additionally, the evaluation unit can check whether the at least one property falls below a nominal value. The evaluation unit can thus also check whether the at least one property is within a desired interval.
    The light source is suitable for providing light for transport within the optically conductive foil.
    Another object of the present invention is a system for insulation monitoring, comprising at least one power line element according to one of claims 1 to 13, comprising a light source, comprising a coupling unit for coupling the light of the light source in the optical waveguide unit of the at least one power line element, further comprising a measuring unit for measuring at least one exit characteristic of the light transported by the optical waveguide unit, further comprising an evaluation unit for evaluating the at least one measured exit characteristic of the light transported by the optical waveguide unit.
    In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light source comprises a diode, for example a superluminescent diode. The light source may be mounted in a preferred embodiment behind the coupling unit. Light source and coupling unit may alternatively be designed as a unit.
    Any property that enables detection of changes in the light propagation within the optical waveguide unit is suitable as an exit characteristic. The exit characteristic is preferably measurable reliably and simply with sufficiently high measurement accuracy. An exit characteristic is, for example, the intensity of the light emerging from the optical waveguide unit. In this case, the exit property is the property that the light has immediately before, during or immediately after leaving the optical waveguide unit. The measuring unit is suitable, for example, to measure the intensity of the light emerging from the optical waveguide unit. The measuring unit preferably has a photodiode. The evaluation unit can be connected behind the measuring unit in a preferred embodiment. Alternatively, the measuring unit and the evaluation unit can also be designed as one unit.
    Evaluation unit, measuring unit, coupling unit and light source are preferably arranged on the same section of the electrical conductor.
    Another object of the present invention is a method for monitoring the insulation of a power line element by means of a system according to claim 14, wherein in a first step, light of the light source is coupled into the optical waveguide unit, wherein in a second step, at least one exit characteristic of the light when exiting the optical waveguide unit is measured by means of the measuring device for measuring the light transported by the optical waveguide unit and wherein in a third step at least one exit characteristic is evaluated by means of the evaluation unit, characterized in that by a deviation of the at least one exit characteristic of a reference value, a defect of the insulation of the power line element is detected.
    For the purposes of the present invention, the determination of the deviation of the at least one measured exit characteristic from a reference value includes both checking whether the exit characteristic exceeds a desired value and, alternatively or additionally, checking whether the exit characteristic falls below a nominal value.
    Further details, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the drawings, as well as from the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings. The drawings illustrate only exemplary embodiments of the invention, which do not limit the essential inventive idea.
    Fig. 1 schematically illustrates an insulation monitoring system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
    2 schematically illustrates an insulation monitoring system according to an alternative preferred embodiment of the present invention.
    3 schematically illustrates an insulation monitoring system according to an alternative preferred embodiment of the present invention.
    4 schematically illustrates an insulation monitoring system according to an alternative preferred embodiment of the present invention.
    In the various figures, the same parts are always provided with the same reference numerals and are therefore usually named or mentioned only once in each case.
    In Fig. 1, a system for insulation monitoring 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. The insulation monitoring system 1 has a power line element 2. The power line element 2 is for example a charging cable for charging an energy storage unit of an electric or hybrid vehicle. The power line element 2 has a first end 3a and a second end 3b. At the second end 3b, the power line element 2 has a plug 4, for example a CCS plug. At the first end 3a, the power line element 2 has a coupling-in unit 5 and a light source 6 connected to the coupling-in unit 5, for example in the form of a superluminescent diode. Alternatively, the coupling unit may be arranged at any portion of the power line element 2, which appears suitable for it, for example, is arranged directly in the charging station, etc.
    The coupling-in unit 5 is connected to a first end of an optical waveguide 7. The light emitted by the light source 6 is coupled into the optical waveguide 7 by means of the coupling-in unit 5. The power line element 2 further has an electrical conductor 8. For example, the electrical conductor has supply and signal lines.
    The optical waveguide 7 is spirally wound around the electrical conductor 8 and provides the electrical conductor 8 with a tightly wound helix. The winding takes place in one direction, from the first end 3a to the second end 3b of the power line element 2. The winding surrounds the optical waveguide 7 preferably dense, i. such that adjacent sections 9a, 9b of the optical waveguide 7 touch each other. Coaxially, the winding is surrounded by a Isolierstoffmantel 11. Due to the close winding, the electrical conductor 8 is advantageously provided with a narrow grid for detecting injuries to the insulation of the electrical conductor 8. In this case, a first end 10a of the optical waveguide is connected to the coupling-in unit 5. The first end 10 a is preferably connected to a measuring unit 12. The measuring unit 12 may for example be designed as a photodiode. An evaluation unit 13 is connected behind the measuring unit 12. A second end 10b of the optical waveguide terminates in the plug 4 of the power line element 2. The second end 10b is designed to be reflective. For example, the second end 10b has a fiber Bragg grating. The light source 6 emits light, which is coupled by means of the coupling unit 5 in the optical waveguide 7. The light propagates along the optical waveguide 7, is reflected at its second end 10 b and emerges from the first end 10 a of the optical waveguide 7 and enters the measuring unit 12. The measuring unit 12, for example a photodiode, is suitable for measuring at least one property of the light emerging from the optical waveguide 7. For example, the intensity of the exiting light can be measured. The evaluation unit 13 connected to the measuring unit 12 preferably compares the measured value with a predetermined reference interval. Alternatively, the evaluation unit 13 can compare the measured value with a predetermined threshold value. If the insulation 14 of the current-conducting element 2, comprising the optical waveguide 7 and an insulating jacket 11, has an injury, the propagation of light in the optical waveguide 7 is disturbed. For example, cuts or cracks in the optical waveguide 7 lead to deviations in the reflection behavior of the light transported in the optical waveguide 7. The light is scattered at the insult of the insulation, for example the cut or the crack. The intensity of the light exiting at the first end 10a is reduced by such a cut or crack in the insulation 14 of the power line element 2. The measured value, namely the measured intensity, falls below a threshold value. This is detected by the evaluation unit 13. The evaluation unit 13 is suitable for signaling the detection of a defect in the insulation 14 of the current-conducting element 2 by means of a signal.
    Coupling unit 5, light source 6, measuring unit 12 and evaluation unit 13 are preferably arranged in a housing. The housing may be disposed on a suitable portion of the power line element 2. For example, the housing may be arranged at a first end 3a of the power line element 2. But it is also conceivable that the housing with coupling unit 5, light source 6, measuring unit 12 and evaluation unit 13 is attached to the second end 3b of the power line element 2 in the plug 4. Accordingly, the first end 10a of the optical waveguide 7 is then designed to be reflective, and the coupling unit 5 and the measuring unit 12 are connected to the second end 10b of the optical waveguide 7.
    In Fig. 2, a system for insulation monitoring 1 according to an alternative preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically. As in FIG. 1, the insulation monitoring system 1 has a power line element 2. The power line element 2 is for example a charging cable for charging an energy storage unit of an electric or hybrid vehicle. The power line element 2 has a first end 3a and a second end 3b. At the second end 3b, the power line element 2 has a plug 4, for example a CCS plug. At the first end 3a, the power line element 2 has a coupling-in unit 5 and a light source 6 connected to the coupling-in unit 5, for example in the form of a superluminescent diode. Alternatively, the coupling unit may be arranged at any portion of the power line element 2, which appears suitable for it, for example, is arranged in the charging station, etc.
    The coupling-in unit 5 is connected to a first end of an optical waveguide 7. The light emitted by the light source 6 is coupled into the optical waveguide 7 by means of the coupling-in unit 5. The power line element 2 further has an electrical conductor 8. For example, the electrical conductor has supply and signal lines.
    The optical waveguide 7 is wound spirally around the electrical conductor 8. In this case, the winding with the optical waveguide 7 has a first spiral winding from the first end 3a to the second end 3b and a second, with the first crossed spiral winding from the second end 3b to the first end 3a. In this case, the winding 15 and the return winding 16 preferably form a narrow grid around the electrical conductor 7. At the transition from the winding 15 to the return winding 16, the optical waveguide 7 has a loop 17. The loop 17 allows the transition from the winding angle of the winding 15 to the winding angle of the return winding 16. The electrical conductor 8 thus has a tightly wound grid of two crossed helices.
    The return winding 16 advantageously leads the optical waveguide 7 back to the first end 3a of the current-conducting element 2. That is, the two ends 10 a, 10 b are arranged at one end 3 a of the power line element 2. This advantageously eliminates the execution of an end 10 of the optical waveguide 7 as a reflective end, for example by writing a fiber Bragg grating. The measuring unit 12 is connected to the second end 10 b of the optical waveguide 7. The measuring unit 12 is followed by an evaluation unit 13.
    The light source 6 emits light, which is coupled by means of the coupling unit 5 at the first end 10 a in the optical waveguide 7. The light propagates along the optical waveguide 7 and exits at the second end 10b of the optical waveguide 7 and enters the measuring unit 12. In this case, the light sets the distance between the first end 3a and second end 3b of the power line element 2 twice back. The measuring unit 12, for example a photodiode, is suitable for measuring at least one property of the light emerging from the optical waveguide 7. For example, the intensity of the exiting light can be measured. The evaluation unit 13 connected to the measuring unit 12 preferably compares the measured value with a predetermined reference interval. Alternatively, the evaluation unit 13 can compare the measured value with a predetermined threshold value. If the insulation 14 of the current-conducting element 2, comprising the optical waveguide 7 and an insulating jacket 11, has an injury, the propagation of light in the optical waveguide 7 is disturbed. For example, cuts or cracks in the optical waveguide 7 lead to deviations in the reflection behavior of the light transported in the optical waveguide 7. The light is scattered at the insult of the insulation, for example the cut or the crack. The intensity of the light exiting at the second end 10b is reduced by such a cut or crack in the insulation 14 of the power line element 2. The measured value, namely the measured intensity, falls below a threshold value. This is detected by the evaluation unit 13. The evaluation unit 13 is suitable for signaling the detection of a defect in the insulation 14 of the current-conducting element 2 by means of a signal.
    The two ends 10a, 10b of the optical waveguide 7 may be arranged in the same section of the power line element 2 close to each other. In this case, it is advantageously possible to arrange coupling unit 5, light source 6, measuring unit 12 and evaluation unit 13 in a housing.
    In Fig. 3, a system for insulation monitoring 1 according to an alternative preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically. The insulation monitoring system 1 has a power line element 2. The power line element 2 is for example a charging cable for charging an energy storage unit of an electric or hybrid vehicle. The power line element 2 has a first end 3a and a second end 3b. At the second end 3b, the power line element 2 has a plug 4, for example a CCS plug. At the first end 3a, the power line element 2 has a coupling-in unit 5 and a light source 6 connected to the coupling-in unit 5, for example in the form of a superluminescent diode. Alternatively, the coupling unit may be arranged at any portion of the power line element 2, which appears suitable for it, for example, is arranged in the charging station, etc.
    The coupling-in unit 5 is connected to a first end 20a of an optically conductive film 18. Preferably, the optically conductive film is made flexible and has a plurality of optical waveguides 19.
    The light emitted by the light source 6 is coupled into the optically conductive film 18 by means of the coupling-in unit 5 at the first end 20a. The power line element 2 further has an electrical conductor 8. For example, the electrical conductor has supply and signal lines.
    The optically conductive film 18 is arranged coaxially around the electrical conductor 8. The optically conductive foil 18 forms a cylinder arranged directly on and surrounding the electrical conductor. The optically conductive film 18 preferably has optical waveguides 19. In a preferred embodiment, the optical waveguides 19 are arranged parallel to one another on the film 18. Preferably, the distance between the optical fibers is 190.5 mm or less. As a result, cracks and injuries can be detected in the insulation 14, which are greater than 0.5 mm. Injuries and cracks smaller than 0.5 mm can be closed by elastic deformation of the insulating material.
    At a second end 20b, the optically conductive film 18 has an optical waveguide 21. The optical waveguide 21 bundles the light emerging from the optically conductive film 18. In a preferred embodiment, the second end 20b of the optically conductive film 18 is located at the second end 3b of the power line element 2. The optical fiber 21 leads from the second end 3b to the first end 3a of the power line element 2. The measuring unit 12 is connected to the optical waveguide 21. The measuring unit 12 is followed by an evaluation unit 13. The light source 6 emits light, which is coupled by means of the coupling unit 5 at the first end 20a in the optically conductive film. The light propagates along the optical waveguide 19 in the optically conductive film 18 and exits at the second end 20b of the optically conductive film 18 from this. The light is concentrated at the second end 20b in an optical waveguide 21 and returned to the first end 3a. Here, the light emerges from the optical waveguide 21 and into the measuring unit 12. In this case, the light sets the distance between the first end 3a and second end 3b of the power line element 2 twice back. The measuring unit 12, for example a photodiode, is suitable for measuring at least one property of the light emerging from the optical waveguide 7. For example, the intensity of the exiting light can be measured. The evaluation unit 13 connected to the measuring unit 12 preferably compares the measured value with a predetermined reference interval. Alternatively, the evaluation unit 13 can compare the measured value with a predetermined threshold value. If the insulation 14 of the current-conducting element 2, comprising the optically conductive foil 18 and an insulating jacket 11, has an injury, the propagation of light in the optical waveguide 7 is disturbed. For example, cuts or cracks in the optically conductive film 18 lead to deviations in the reflection behavior of the light transported in the optically conductive film 18. The light is scattered at the insult of the insulation, for example the cut or the crack. The intensity of the light exiting at the second end 10b is reduced by such a cut or crack in the insulation 14 of the power line element 2. The measured value, namely the measured intensity, falls below a threshold value. This is detected by the evaluation unit 13. The evaluation unit 13 is suitable for signaling the detection of a defect in the insulation 14 of the current-conducting element 2 by means of a signal. In an alternative embodiment, the optical waveguides 19 may be arranged in a grating on the optically conductive film 18, see FIG. 4. The light is then reflected within the optically conductive film 18. Bundling and recycling of the light from the second end 20b of the optically conductive film 18 to the first end of the optically conductive film 18 is then unnecessary. The light is coupled into the film 18 at the first end 20a and also leaves the film 18 at the first end 20a. In this preferred embodiment, the measuring unit 12 is connected to the second end 20b of the optically conductive foil 18. The evaluation unit 13 is connected downstream of the measuring unit 12, for example. The density and size of the grid mesh determines the size of the imperfections of the insulation 14, which is minimally detectable. Coupling unit 5, light source 6, measuring unit 12 and evaluation unit 13 can be arranged in a housing. In an alternative embodiment, the coupling-in unit 5, the light source 6, the measuring unit 12 and the evaluation unit 13 are integrated into the optical film 18. It is thereby advantageously possible to lead out only the evaluated signal from the optical film 18. In a further, alternative embodiment, only at least one of the components coupling unit 5, light source 6, measuring unit 12 and evaluation unit 13 is integrated into the optical film 18, while the remaining components remain outside the optical film.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    claims
    1. power line element comprising an electrical conductor and an insulation of the electrical conductor, characterized in that the insulation comprises an optical waveguide unit.
    [2]
    Second power line element according to claim 1, wherein the optical waveguide unit coaxially surrounds the electrical conductor at least along a longitudinal section of the electrical conductor.
    [3]
    3. Power line element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the insulation of the electrical conductor has a Isolierstoffmantel.
    [4]
    4. Power line element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the optical waveguide unit has at least one optical waveguide.
    [5]
    5. The power line element of claim 4, wherein the at least one optical fiber has a reflective end.
    [6]
    6. Power line element according to one of the preceding claims 4 and 5, wherein the electrical conductor has at least along a longitudinal section of the electrical conductor, a first winding with the at least one optical waveguide.
    [7]
    7. The power line element according to claim 6, wherein the electrical conductor has at least along a longitudinal section of the electrical conductor a second, with the first winding crossed winding with an optical waveguide.
    [8]
    8. The power line element according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, wherein the optical waveguide unit has at least one optically conductive film.
    [9]
    9. The power line element according to claim 8, wherein the at least one optically conductive film has a plurality of optical waveguides.
    [10]
    10. Power line element according to one of the preceding claims 8 and 9, wherein the at least one optically conductive film is connected to at least one optical waveguide.
    [11]
    11. Power line element according to one of the preceding claims 9 and 10, wherein the optical waveguides of the at least one optically conductive film are arranged parallel to each other.
    [12]
    12. Current-carrying element according to one of the preceding claims 9 and 10, wherein the optical waveguides of the at least one optically conductive film are arranged in a grid, characterized in that light can be reflected within the at least one optically conductive film.
    [13]
    13. Power line element according to one of the preceding claims 8 to 12, wherein the at least one optically conductive film has at least one evaluation unit and / or at least one measuring unit and / or at least one light source.
    [14]
    14. A system for insulation monitoring, comprising at least one power line element according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 13, comprising a light source, comprising a coupling unit for coupling the light of the light source in the optical waveguide unit of the at least one power line element, further comprising a measuring unit for measuring at least one exit characteristic of by the light waveguide unit transported light, further comprising an evaluation unit for evaluating the at least one measured exit characteristic of the light transported by the optical waveguide unit light.
    [15]
    15. A method for monitoring the insulation of a power line element by means of a system according to claim 14, wherein in a first step, light of the light source is coupled into the optical waveguide unit, wherein in a second step, at least one exit characteristic of the light at the exit from the optical waveguide unit by means of the measuring device for measuring by the optical waveguide unit transported light is measured and wherein in a third step, at least one exit characteristic is evaluated by the evaluation unit, characterized in that a defect of the insulation of the power line element is detected by a deviation of the at least one exit property of a reference value.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
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    DE102017102783.1A|DE102017102783A1|2017-02-13|2017-02-13|Power line element and insulation monitoring system|
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